Microservices Architecture Example

Service Decomposition

1. Sensor Data Service

Responsibility: Sensor data ingestion, validation, and storage

Port: 8001
Database: sensor_db (MongoDB)
Endpoints:
- POST /sensors/data      # Ingest sensor readings
- GET /sensors/{id}/data  # Get sensor history
- GET /sensors           # List sensors

2. Room Management Service

Responsibility: Room metrics, aggregations, and space management

Port: 8002
Database: room_db (MongoDB)
Endpoints:
- GET /rooms                    # List rooms
- GET /rooms/{id}/metrics       # Current room metrics
- GET /rooms/{id}/history       # Historical room data

3. Analytics Service

Responsibility: Data analysis, reporting, and insights

Port: 8003
Database: analytics_db (PostgreSQL/ClickHouse)
Endpoints:
- GET /analytics/summary        # Dashboard summary
- GET /analytics/trends         # Trend analysis
- GET /analytics/reports/{id}   # Generated reports

4. Notification Service

Responsibility: Alerts, events, and real-time notifications

Port: 8004
Database: events_db (MongoDB)
Message Queue: RabbitMQ/Kafka
Endpoints:
- POST /notifications/send      # Send notification
- GET /events                   # System events
- WebSocket: /ws/notifications  # Real-time alerts

5. API Gateway

Responsibility: Request routing, authentication, rate limiting

Port: 8000
Routes all requests to appropriate services
Handles CORS, authentication, logging

Inter-Service Communication

Synchronous (HTTP/REST)

# Analytics Service calling Sensor Service
import httpx

async def get_sensor_data(sensor_id: str):
    async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
        response = await client.get(f"http://sensor-service:8001/sensors/{sensor_id}/data")
        return response.json()

Asynchronous (Message Queue)

# Sensor Service publishes event
await message_queue.publish("sensor.data.received", {
    "sensor_id": "sensor_001",
    "timestamp": datetime.utcnow(),
    "data": sensor_reading
})

# Room Service subscribes to event
@message_queue.subscribe("sensor.data.received")
async def handle_sensor_data(message):
    await room_service.update_room_metrics(message.data)

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